Jurassic World is a 2015 American science fiction adventure film directed by Colin Trevorrow, written by Rick Jaffa & Amanda Silver,Derek Connolly and Trevorrow himself, and starring Chris Pratt andBryce Dallas Howard. It is the fourth installment of the Jurassic Parkseries. Set twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Jurassic World takes place on the same fictional island of Isla Nublar, where a fully functioning dinosaur theme park has operated for ten years. The park plunges into chaos when a genetically modified dinosaur,Indominus rex, breaks loose and runs rampant across the island.
Universal Pictures intended to begin production on a fourth Jurassic Park film in 2004 for a summer 2005 release, but the film entered over a decade of development hell while the script went through revisions. Steven Spielberg, director of the first two Jurassic Parkfilms, acted as executive producer as he had for Jurassic Park III.Thomas Tull also acted as executive producer;[5] his production company, Legendary Pictures, funded approximately 20 percent of the film's budget.[6] Frank Marshall and Patrick Crowley produced the film.
Jurassic World was released on June 10, 2015 in European countries, mainland China and Taiwan, June 11 in Australia, India, Malaysia and Hong Kong, June 12 in North America, and August 5 in Japan. The film received positive reviews from film critics, who praised it for its visuals and musical score but drew some criticism for its tone and writing. The film has generated over $1.6 billion in box office revenue and set numerous records, including the biggest opening weekend in North America and worldwide. The film became the third highest-grossing film of all time in both North America and the world during its theatrical run—as well as the highest-grossing film of the 2010s, the highest-grossing film of 2015, and the highest grossing film in the Jurassic Park film series. A sequel is scheduled to be released on June 22, 2018.
Twenty-two years after the incident at Jurassic Park, a new theme park, Jurassic World, now operates in Isla Nublar. Brothers Zach and Gray Mitchell are sent there to visit their aunt, Claire Dearing, the park's operations manager. Claire's assistant is their guide as Claire is too busy recruiting corporate sponsors with a new attraction, a genetically modified dinosaur called Indominus rex. The dinosaur has the DNA of several predatory dinosaurs as well as modern-day animals; chief geneticist Dr. Henry Wu keeps the exact genetic makeup classified.
Owen Grady trains the park's Velociraptor pack that considers him their alpha. Hoskins, head of park security, believes they are trainable for military use, but Owen disputes this. Park owner Simon Masrani has Owen evaluate the Indominus ' enclosure before the attraction opens. Owen warns Claire that the Indominus is particularly dangerous because it is not socialized to other animals.
Owen and Claire discover that the Indominus has seemingly escaped. Owen and two staff enter the enclosure, but the Indominus ambushes them, having faked its escape, then disappears into the island's interior. Owen suggests killing it, but Masrani sends the Asset Containment Unit to capture the dinosaur alive. When it kills most of the team, Claire orders the northern portion of the island to be evacuated.
Zach and Gray, having sneaked away to explore, ignore the evacuation order and wander into a restricted area in a gyrosphere. The vehicle is attacked by the Indominus but they escape unharmed. They find the ruins of the original Jurassic Park Visitor Center, and, after repairing an old Jeep, drive back to the park's resort area. Owen and Claire trail them after barely escaping the Indominus themselves. The Indominus continues its rampage and breaks into the park's pterosaur aviary. Masrani and two troopers hunt the Indominus by helicopter, but a collision with the escaping pterosaurs causes them to crash, killing everyone aboard. Gray and Zach arrive at the resort as the pterosaurs begin attacking the visitors. They find Owen and Claire while armed troopers subdue the pterosaurs.
Hoskins assumes command and decides to use the raptors to track the Indominus; Owen reluctantly agrees to go along with the plan. The raptors follow the Indominus ' scent into the jungle. However, the Indominus, having raptor DNA, communicates with the raptors and turns them against the humans. Hoskins, meanwhile, has Dr. Wu helicoptered off the island with the dinosaur embryos, protecting his research. Owen, Claire, and the boys find Hoskins in the lab packing up remaining embryos. As Hoskins unveils his intention to create more genetically modified dinosaurs as weapons, a raptor breaks into the lab and kills him.
Outside, the raptors corner Owen, Claire, and the boys. Owen reestablishes his alpha bond with them before theIndominus appears. The raptors attack the Indominus, which kills two raptors. Realizing they are outmatched, Claire lures the park's veteran Tyrannosaurus rex into a battle with the Indominus. The T. rex is overpowered until the lone surviving raptor attacks. The raptor and T. rex force the overwhelmed Indominus towards the lagoon, where it is dragged underwater by the park's resident Mosasaurus.
The survivors are evacuated to the mainland and the island is abandoned to the dinosaurs. Zach and Gray are reunited with their parents, while Owen and Claire decide they will stay together "for survival".
- Chris Pratt as Owen Grady, aVelociraptor expert and trainer.[7]
- Bryce Dallas Howard as Claire Dearing, the park's operations manager. Aunt of Zach and Gray.[7]
- Vincent D'Onofrio as Vic Hoskins, the head of security operations who wants to use the raptors and theIndominus rex as weapons.[8]
- Ty Simpkins as Gray Mitchell, one of Claire's nephews and the younger brother of Zach.[7]
- Nick Robinson as Zach Mitchell, one of Claire's nephews and the older brother of Gray.[7]
- Omar Sy as Barry,[9] a tamer who takes care of Owen's raptors.[10]
- B. D. Wong as Dr. Henry Wu, the chief geneticist and head of the team that created the dinosaurs for the park. Wong is one of the few actors to reprise a role from any of the previous films and this is his second appearance in the franchise since Jurassic Park.
- Irrfan Khan as Simon Masrani, CEO of the Masrani Corporation and the owner of Jurassic World.[7]
- Jake Johnson as Lowery Cruthers, an employee in the park's control room.[7]
- Lauren Lapkus as Vivian, an employee in the park's control room.[11]
- Brian Tee as Katashi Hamada, the leader of the ACU (Asset Containment Unit), a group of security guards installed on Isla Nublar.[7]
- Katie McGrath as Zara, Claire's personal assistant.[12]
- Judy Greer as Karen Mitchell, Claire's sister and the mother of Zach and Gray.[13]
- Andy Buckley as Scott Mitchell, Karen's husband and the father of Zach and Gray.
- Eric Edelstein as Nick, the supervisor of the Indominus rex control room.
- Colby Boothman as a young new handler working in the raptor research paddock.[14]
- Jimmy Fallon[15] as himself, portrayed as the safety instructor of the gyrosphere attraction.
- James DuMont as Hal Osterly, an investor.
- Jimmy Buffett as himself, portrayed as an escaping tourist during the pterosaur attack.[16][17]
- Colin Trevorrow as the voice of Mr. DNA, an anthropomorphic DNA helix who explains the park's technology to visitors assumed to be laymen. The character was previously voiced by Greg Burson in Jurassic Park.
- Brad Bird makes a cameo appearance as the voice of the park's monorail announcer.[18]
- Jack Horner, the film's technical advisor, has a cameo in the film.[19]
Themes and analysis[edit]
Director Colin Trevorrow has stated that the Indominus rex, the synthetic hybrid dinosaur at the center of the film's story, is symbolic of consumer and corporate excess. Trevorrow stated that the dinosaur was "meant to embody [humanity's] worst tendencies. We're surrounded by wonder and yet we want more, and we want it bigger, faster, louder, better. And in the world of the movie, the animal is designed based on a series of corporate focus groups."[20] He also stated, "There's something in the film about our greed and our desire for profit. The Indominus rex, to me, is very much that desire, that need to be satisfied."[21] Film journalists have also noted the parallels between the workings of the park in Jurassic World and the film and entertainment industry.[22] Actor James DuMont states that "the person [and] the environment are one" is one of the obvious themes. Another theme is that "those who do not stop evil are supporting and encouraging it".[23]
The film also explores the concept of raising an animal in a particular way, in which the Indominus rex was raised in captivity without any siblings, thus making the creature somewhat "not fully functional".[24]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In March 2001, Jurassic Park III director Joe Johnston denied rumors of a fourth film being made.[25] Late intoJurassic Park III 's production, executive producer Steven Spielberg devised a story idea for a fourth film, which he believed should have been used for the third film instead.[26] In June 2001, Johnston said he would not direct the film, and that Spielberg had a story idea that would take the series' mythology to a new level.[27] Johnston later said the film would feel like a departure from the previous films, implying it would not be set on an island.[28] In July 2001, actor Sam Neill, who portrayed Dr. Alan Grant in previous films, said he could not imagine a way for his character to be involved in another film.[29] That same month, Johnston denied, then later hinted, that the film would involve the Pteranodons from the ending of Jurassic Park III.[30][31]
In April 2002, it was reported that the film would be the last one in the series, and would ignore its predecessor's events.[32] In a June 2002 interview with Starlog magazine, Spielberg officially confirmed the fourth film, which he hoped to have Johnston direct. Spielberg confirmed there was also a story, which he considered to be the best one since the first film.[26] On November 4, 2002, Neill said there was a chance he would be in the film.[33] On November 7, 2002, William Monahan was announced as the screenwriter, with Spielberg serving as executive producer and Kathleen Kennedy as producer.[34] A month later, the film was announced for a summer 2005 release.[35]
In January 2003, Jeff Goldblum said he had been asked to stay available for a possible return of his character Ian Malcolm.[36] On January 30, 2003, it was reported that the story would involve dinosaurs migrating to the Costa Rican mainland. A team of experts, including Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm, chart an expedition to one of InGen's offshore islands and discover the dinosaurs breeding uncontrollably.[37][38] In April 2003, Stan Winston confirmed his special effects studio was in the design phase for the film. Winston also said that Spielberg wanted to adapt several previously unfilmed scenes from Michael Crichton's Jurassic Park novels.[39] In July 2003, Keira Knightleysaid she was in consideration for two separate roles, including a small role as a granddaughter.[40] Monahan's first draft of the script was finished later that month, with a story no longer set in the jungle as in the previous films. A director had yet to be discussed at that time.[41] Neill confirmed he would reprise his character, with filming set to begin in 2004 in California and Hawaii.[42]
In September 2003, Richard Attenborough said he would reprise his role as John Hammond.[43] In October 2003, paleontologist Jack Horner said he would return as technical adviser for the fourth film as he had done for previous Jurassic Park films. Horner hinted that Velociraptor would be an integral part of the film.[44] Later that month, Horner was asked about a hypothetical idea of humans evolving from dinosaurs rather than mammals. Horner responded, "[K]eep thinking about that, and in a couple of years go see Jurassic Park 4."[45] Keira Knightley's character was written out in late 2003.[46] In March 2004, Johnston said he had not been asked to direct the film, and hoped that Spielberg would direct it. Johnston said a story was being written that would take the series in a completely different direction "away from the island and away from the T-Rex and all this."[47] In May 2004, it was reported that screenwriter John Sayles was writing the script.[48] Sayles was hired to finish earlier work done by Monahan, who had left the project to work on Kingdom of Heaven.[49] By June 2004, Frank Marshall had joined the project as a producer.[50]
In June 2004, it was reported that Alex Proyas was in discussions to direct, with filming expected to begin in March 2005 for a rescheduled winter 2005 release. Filming would have started at Pinewood Studios, where a massive tank was to be constructed for scenes involving marine reptiles.[51][52] In July 2004, the script was being rewritten, with Jeremy Piven and Emmy Rossum being considered for two of the lead roles and Richard Attenborough reprising his character.[46] Later that month, Proyas said he was not interested in directing the film.[53]
In August 2004, Ain't It Cool News published a review of a leaked draft of the film's script. The story would have involved a new character, a mercenary named Nick Harris, who is hired by a Swiss corporation and put in charge of training a team of five genetically modified Deinonychus for use in rescue missions. John Hammond would be the only returning character in this draft.[54][55] In 2005, Sayles confirmed this to be an early draft of the script, intercepted through Spielberg's email by a hacker.[56]
In late August 2004, David Boreanaz was rumored and later reported to have the lead role.[57][58] Boreanaz was actually in consideration for Fantastic Four.[59] Sayles was still re-writing the script in September 2004, with the film on track for a winter 2005 release.[60] Sayles' next draft, which involved genetically engineered human-dinosaur mercenaries, was scrapped.[61]
In April 2005, Winston confirmed the film was on hold because of repeated revisions of the film's script, none of which satisfied Spielberg. According to Winston, "He felt neither of [the drafts] balanced the science and adventure elements effectively. It's a tough compromise to reach, as too much science will make the movie too talky, but too much adventure will make it seem hollow."[62] In November 2005, Spielberg said he planned to include a scene in the film (taken from the novel The Lost World) that would involve characters on motorcycles outrunning raptors.[63]
In January 2006, Johnston and Horner were working on a new screenplay,[64] and more work on it was expected to begin immediately after the 2008 release of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.[65] In February 2006, Frank Marshall said the film now had a good script, with filming expected to begin in 2007 for a 2008 release.[66] In March 2006, Marshall said the film had a script and was getting a director, with Johnston as a possible candidate.[67] In April 2006, Marshall said there was an idea for the film, but not a script. Marshall went on to deny that Michael Crichton would write the script, or that Spielberg would direct it.[68] The script was still being worked on in June 2006.[69]
In July 2006, Spielberg denied an Internet rumor that Breck Eisner would direct, saying Johnston was standing by for the job.[70] In December 2006, Laura Dern said she was open to the possibility of reprising her role as Ellie Sattler, but had not been contacted about appearing in the film.[71] In March 2007, Neill said he knew nothing about the project.[72]
In April 2007, Dern said she had been contacted about appearing in the film, with filming expected to begin within the year for release in 2008.[73] It was also reported that Joe Johnston would not be directing the film.[74]In December 2007, Frank Marshall said further work on the script would not commence until the end of the2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, with filming potentially starting in 2008 for a release in the summer of 2009.[75] Jack Horner's 2009 book, How to Build a Dinosaur, was originally meant to come out at the same time as the film as a scientific companion volume.[76]
Before his death, Attenborough was contacted about reprising the role of John Hammond.[77] Jeff Goldblum had expressed some interest in reprising his role of Ian Malcolm for the fourth film.[78]
In December 2008, Frank Marshall and Kathleen Kennedy were asked if there was any development on the sequel. Kennedy responded, "No... I don't know. You know, when Michael Crichton passed away, I sorta felt maybe that's it. Maybe that's a sign that we don't mess with it."[79] While Marshall and Kennedy were no longer signed with Universal Pictures in a production capacity, it was said that the two would remain involved with the studio and its plans for Jurassic Park 4.[80] In November 2009, Joe Johnston discussed the possibility of Jurassic Park 4, stating that the story for the film is completely different from that of its predecessors and would take the franchise into a whole other trilogy.[81] In a January 2010 interview, Johnston reiterated that Jurassic Park 4 was set to be the beginning of a second Jurassic Park trilogy.[82][83][84]
On June 15, 2011, it was reported that Spielberg had met twice with writer Mark Protosevich to work on a story for a potential fourth Jurassic Park film.[85] About a month later, at the 2011 San Diego Comic-Con International, Spielberg said a writer was working on a treatment for the film, which he said would be possibly released "within the next two or three years."[86] A representative from Universal said 2013 would be the preferred deadline for completion.[87] Over the next three months, Mark Protosevich wrote two story treatments for the film.[88]Spielberg had hoped to have a writer working on a full screenplay for Jurassic Park IV by the time he started filming his other project, Lincoln, in October 2011, with the hope that the script would be finished by the timeLincoln was finished. However, he and Kennedy felt that neither of Protosevich's treatments consisted of the right story for a fourth film.[89]
Despite this, Spielberg said in October 2011 that the script was being written by Protosevich, and that he felt the story they were working on was stronger than that of Jurassic Park III.[90] In January 2012, Spielberg announced that he would not be directing the film, opting instead to be a producer.[91] On June 21, it was confirmed thatRise of the Planet of the Apes writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver would be scripting Jurassic Park 4.[92]
Pre-production[edit]
On January 11, 2013, Universal said the film would be shot in 3D and released June 13, 2014.[93] In February, it was reported that Kathleen Kennedy would not be producing the film in favor of focusing on Star Wars: The Force Awakens for 2015.[94] Producer Frank Marshall said, "No decisions have been made regarding where we are shooting."[95] Shortly thereafter, the director of studio operations at Raleigh Studios in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, confirmed that Universal Pictures had reserved space there from April to November 2013, without specifying the project for which it was reserved.[96] On March 14, 2013, Universal announced that Colin Trevorrow, director ofSafety Not Guaranteed, would be directing the film,[97][98] while Patrick Crowley was announced as a producer.[99]
Director Brad Bird, who was working on Tomorrowland, was also interested in directing Star Wars: The Force Awakens. To work around schedule conflicts, Bird suggested to Kennedy the idea of having Trevorrow work as a stand-in to perform early production work on Star Wars, which Bird could then direct after Tomorrowland had concluded filming. These plans did not materialize. However, as a result of these discussions, Kennedy and Marshall watched Safety Not Guaranteed and were impressed by it. Marshall subsequently had Spielberg meet with Trevorrow,[100] who was then hired before he read the script, which was titled Jurassic Park IV and was still being written by Jaffa and Silver.[101]
Jaffa and Silver wrote a draft that revolved around a functioning dinosaur theme park, an idea that came from Spielberg.[102] The idea of trained Velociraptors, from Sayles' earlier draft, was also present in Jaffa and Silver's draft;[103] Spielberg chose to have the idea included in the script.[104] After reading the script, Trevorrow declined to direct the film unless it could be done in a different way.[103] He pitched a new story idea,[100] and then began working on a completely new script with writing partner Derek Connolly.[105][106] Trevorrow and Connolly maintained the basic storyline of a functioning dinosaur theme park.[102] Two story ideas from earlier drafts were also kept: a homicidal dinosaur that has to be stopped, and a human who has a relationship with Velociraptors.[101][102] However, Trevorrow felt those ideas in their original form were too extreme and had to be "pulled way, way, way back."[101][102]
Jaffa and Silver's draft included an opening scene set in China,[104] where a non-existent dinosaur would have been discovered: within the story of this script, the Indominus rex would be depicted as a real dinosaur, rather than the final draft which featured it as a genetically modified hybrid. Trevorrow chose to make the animal a hybrid to maintain consistency with previous films in the series, which had incorporated the latest paleontological findings and discoveries: "I didn't wanna make up a new dinosaur and tell kids it was real."[107] In April 2013, Jack Horner said in an interview that a new, previously extinct creature would rise to stardom in the film, saying, "I can't actually tell you who that will be... But you'll want to keep the lights on after you see this movie."[108]
Trevorrow and Connolly wrote their draft of the script over a couple of weeks.[101] The studio received the draft on May 6, 2013, and found the script changes more large-scale than anticipated.[106] On May 8, 2013, the studio announced it was pushing the release from June 13, 2014, to an unspecified future date.[109][110] Prior to the delay, actors Bryce Dallas Howard, David Oyelowo, and Garrett Hedlund had been considered for roles in the film.[111] Filming had been set to begin June 24, 2013.[106] Delaying the film allowed Trevorrow and Connolly more time to work on the script.[105] Another reason for the delay was to allow time for the construction of practical sets for the fictional theme park; it was previously intended to add in these buildings using computer effects.[101]
On May 2, 2013, Trevorrow tweeted a picture of Kauai taken during location scouting with the caption "Nublar", the name of the island in the original film.[112] That November, he tweeted that "Reboot is a strong word. This is a new sci-fi terror adventure set 22 years after the horrific events of Jurassic Park."[113] According to Trevorrow in August 2013, the film's release date had been pushed to 2015.[114]
In May 2013, Sam Neill said it was unlikely he would be a part of the film, stating, "I'm told it's a big reboot, a total re-jig."[115] On June 1, 2013, Trevorrow tweeted an assurance that the film was "very much alive. We're writing and designing."[116] On June 18, 2013, a teaser banner was revealed at Licensing Expo 2013, giving a 2015 release.[117] By August 15, 2013, John Krasinski was in talks for a role as a dinosaur tamer.[118]
The script was rewritten by Trevorrow and Connolly during the summer of 2013,[105] and was approved that September.[119] In addition to the film's Indominus rex, an earlier draft by Trevorrow also included a second hybrid dinosaur named 'Stegoceratops', consisting of DNA from Stegosaurus and Triceratops. However, Trevorrow chose to remove the animal from the final script after his son made him realize that multiple hybrids would fail to make the Indominus unique.[101][120]
On September 10, 2013, Universal Pictures confirmed the film would be titled Jurassic World and would be released on June 12, 2015.[111] Trevorrow chose to rename the film from its previous title, Jurassic Park IV, to differentiate it from previous films in the series.[121] That same month, Bryce Dallas Howard was in early negotiations to play a role,[122] and was cast in early November.[123] By mid-October, Ty Simpkins had been cast as the child lead and Jake Johnson was being considered for a role.[124] Nick Robinson was cast as Simpkins' character's older brother,[125] while Josh Brolin was in talks to play the adult lead.[126] By the middle of November, Brolin was no longer in talks for the film, and Chris Pratt was in early negotiations for the lead role,[127] a "rugged, ex-military man named Owen."[128] Ron Howard tweeted in January 2014 that Pratt had been cast in a lead role.[129]
On February 5, 2014, Trevorrow revealed that cinematographer John Schwartzman would be filming Jurassic World using Panavision cameras shooting on a combination of Kodak 35mm and 65mm film.[130] One of the 65mm cameras used on the production had been used in the past to shoot Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey.[119] The reason the filmmakers chose to shoot Jurassic World on film stock instead of on digital cameras, in addition to Spielberg's and Schwartzman's own personal preference for the format, was in an effort to match the visual aesthetic of the previous three film-shot Jurassic Park pictures, as well as the fact that the film's exterior jungle scenes required a greater dynamic range of light than digital cameras could provide. 65mm film was used for visual effect sequences as well as location shots where the filmmakers wanted extra visual impact.[131] The film is being presented in a 2.00:1 aspect ratio, an intermediate ratio that falls between the two industry standard widescreen aspect ratios of 1.85:1 and 2.35:1. This was chosen because it allowed enough height for humans and dinosaurs to fit into the same frame without giving up a sense of scope, and closely matches the ratio of a digital IMAX screen.[132]
By February 7, Legendary Pictures had agreed to co-finance the film.[133] China Film Group has been reported as also having financed the film.[134] By February 28, Vincent D'Onofrio had joined the cast to play the film's antagonist. Irrfan Khan was also cast as head of the Masrani Corporation, now in ownership of Isla Nublar and the park.[135][136] That same month, Trevorrow confirmed that B. D. Wong would reprise his role as Dr. Henry Wu, and said the character would have a more significant role than in the original film.[105] On March 21, 2014, French actor Omar Sy announced he had joined the cast.[137] On March 26, 2014, actor Jake Johnson confirmed his role in Jurassic World as a tech-savvy operations overseer named Lowery.[138][139] By April 3, Judy Greer, Katie McGrath, and Lauren Lapkus had joined the cast.[140] Andy Buckley was cast on May 7.[141] By June 27, James DuMont had also joined the cast.[142]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography and production began on April 10, 2014,[143] at the Honolulu Zoo in Hawaii.[144] Filming continued for four weeks on Oahu.[145] At the end of April, filming took place at the Hawaii Convention Center.[146] Filming moved to Kauai on May 15, 2014, and concluded there on June 6, 2014.[145] Filming resumed that day at the abandoned Six Flags theme park in New Orleans,[147][148] where Jurassic World's Main Street was constructed. One of Main Street's restaurants is named Winston's, after Stan Winston.[16] A statue of Attenborough's character, John Hammond, is also featured in the film.[19][101]
Filming was scheduled to remain in Louisiana for eleven weeks.[148] On June 30, 2014, filming took place at Louis Armstrong International Airport in New Orleans; actors Nick Robinson, Ty Simpkins, and Judy Greer were reported to be present.[149] An evacuation scene was filmed at the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans.[147] Swamp scenes were filmed in Slidell, Louisiana.[150] A majority of the filming in New Orleans took place at Big Easy Studios inside the NASA complex in East New Orleans.[151] On August 5, 2014, director Colin Trevorrow announced on Twitter that filming had wrapped[152] after a 78-day shoot.[16]
In an interview with Empire, Trevorrow confirmed that the production had hired Legacy Effects (an effects company run by supervisors from Stan Winston Studios) to create animatronic dinosaurs for the film, as they had done in the previous three films.[153] Ultimately, Legacy Effects contributed lighting reference models as well as a practically built animatronic Apatosaurus that was used for a sequence filmed in Hawaii.[154][155] Visual effects supervisor Phil Tippett and Industrial Light and Magic also returned to create CGI dinosaurs.[156] The computer generated dinosaurs were created using performance capture, using human actors to perform the dinosaurs' movements.[155] Scroggins Aviation Mockup & Effects was called in to fabricate and build the Blue Eurocopter EC-130 T2 airframe body, known as "JW001" in the film.[157] A more comedic scene featuring Howard's character and dinosaur feces, similar to Laura Dern's scene in the original Jurassic Park, was cut and not included in the cinematic release.[158]
The musical score was composed by Michael Giacchino, who previously scored the video games Warpath: Jurassic Park and The Lost World: Jurassic Park.[159] Themes from John Williams' previous Jurassic Park scores were also incorporated by Giacchino. "It was a really targeted approach, as to where to [include Williams' themes] and where would make the most sense and where would we most appreciate it, as fans ourselves," said Giacchino.[160]A soundtrack album was released on June 9, 2015, by Back Lot Music.[161]
Release[edit]
The film was released on June 12, 2015 in North America.[162][163] The film had its first public premiere on May 29, 2015 in Paris, France at The Grand Rex cinema.[164] The film also previewed on June 10, 2015 at Majestic 10 Cinemas in Williston, Vermont, two days prior to the film's worldwide release.[165] Worldwide, Jurassic World was released across 809 IMAX theaters (364 of which were in North America), making it the second largest worldwide rollout for any movie in IMAX's history and the largest day-and-date IMAX release ever.[166][167]
Home media[edit]
Jurassic World is set to be released on DVD, Blu-ray, and Blu-ray 3D on October 20, 2015.[168][169]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
As of August 20, 2015, Jurassic World has grossed over $638.6 million in North America and $968.6 million in other territories for a worldwide total of over $1.607 billion.[4] It is the third highest-grossing film of all time in both North America and the world, as well as the highest-grossing film of 2015 and in the Jurassic Park film series.[170][171][172][173][174][175] It also tops the charts of highest-grossing openings for films in both North America and the world.
Its worldwide opening of $524.4 million is the biggest of all time; it also marked the first time that a film had generated over $500 million worldwide in a single weekend.[176] The film also set the record for largest worldwideIMAX opening with $44.1 million and a single day IMAX gross of $13 million on Friday, June 12, 2015.[176][177] It also became the fastest film to cross $80 million in IMAX ticket sales, doing so in 12 days (with $84 million).[178]
United States and Canada[edit]
In North America, Jurassic World is the highest-grossing film distributed by Universal Pictures.[196] Predictions for the opening of Jurassic World in the U.S. and Canada were continuously revised upwards, starting from $125 million to $200 million.[197][198][199][200] It opened on Friday, June 12, 2015, across 4,274 theaters, and earned $81.9 million on its opening day, marking the third-biggest opening day and third-biggest single-day gross.[201][185][202] The film's Friday gross included an $18.5 million from 3,229 theaters in its early Thursday showings, a record for Universal.[189] Without Thursday night grosses, the film earned the largest opening-day gross ($63.4 million).[201][203] It also set a single-day IMAX record ($8.6 million) and a Saturday and Sunday gross record ($69.6 million and $57.2 million respectively).[188][204][205] In total, it earned $208,807,270 for its debut weekend, setting a record for the biggest June opening ever, the largest ever opening-weekend,[188][206] and an IMAX opening record of $20.6 million (10.2% of the total opening gross) from 363 IMAX theaters.[188] 3D accounted for 48% of the total opening gross.[188] RealD 3D comprised $70 million of the opening gross, a record it shares with The Avengers.[176] It is also the biggest opening for Chris Pratt.[187] The opening-weekend audience was evenly split among those under and over the age of 25, with 52% of the audience male, 48% female, 39% under age 25, 61% age 25 years and above.[188]
Revenues in its second weekend dropped gradually by 49% to $106.6 million from 4,291 theaters (+17 theaters)[207][208][209] It topped the North American box office for three consecutive weekends,[210] As of June 21, 2015, RealD, IMAX and premium large format has grossed a total of $132 million, $42 million and $23.1 million respectively.[211] On Friday, July 17, 2015, the movie hit the $600 million mark, becoming the fourth and fastest to do so in 36 days.[212]
Other markets[edit]
Jurassic World was released in a total of 63 countries.[213] In the rest of the world, the film opened on Wednesday, June 10, 2015, in eight countries, earning $24.5 million.[214] On Thursday, June 11, it grossed another $41.6 million from 37 markets for a two-day total of $65.6 million from 45 countries.[215] It added 21 more countries on June 12, earning $60 million, which is the highest-grossing international Friday of all time, for a three-day total of $130 million from 66 countries.[216][217] Through Sunday, June 14, it had a five-day opening weekend total of $315.61 million from 66 countries from 19,612 screens, marking the biggest of 2015, the biggest for Universal, and the biggest of all time.[176][218] This included an IMAX opening record of $23.5 million from 443 IMAX theaters in 56 countries.[176] 65% of its grosses came from 3D[176] (equivalent to $205 million).[219][220]Additional record includes the highest single-day IMAX gross with $6.5 million on Saturday, June 12, 2015.[176]Revenues in its second weekend also dropped gradually by 41% similar to its North American drop, earning $163.4 million from 18,280 screens in 66 territories.[178] Earning $84.3 million in its third weekend (-49%), it topped the box office outside of North America for three consecutive weekends,[221][222]
It had the biggest opening day of all time for Universal in Hong Kong; the second-biggest in Australia, France, Indonesia, the Philippines, Russia, and South Korea;[223][224] and the biggest opening day of all time in Panama.[217] It also scored the biggest opening for Universal in nine countries, including Australia, China, Ecuador, France, Hong Kong, Korea, the Philippines, Singapore, the UK, Ireland, and Malta.[176] In China, it grossed $17.77 million on its opening day (including $1.39 million from midnight runs), which is the tenth-biggest of all time and went on to earn $100.1 million in its opening weekend, which is the third-biggest of all time.[176][225][226][227] It also scored the second-biggest IMAX opening there with $11.8 million.[176] Its top largest openings outside of the U.S., Canada, and China occurred in the UK, Ireland and Malta ($30 million), Mexico ($15.9 million), France ($13.8 million), Australia ($12.4 million), Germany ($11.4 million), Russia and the CIS ($10 million), Taiwan ($8.2 million), India ($7.6 million), Spain ($7.4 million), Brazil ($7.4 million), Italy ($6.5 million), Malaysia ($5.6 million), and the Philippines ($5.5 million).[176][228] In South Korea, the film was released during the 2015 MERS outbreak, which resulted in a plunge in film attendance beginning from late May 2015. This led to various local film distributors changing or postponing local films' release dates. However, since U.S. film studios are debarred from altering their scheduled dates, the film had to be released on its intended date.[229] Despite the outbreak, the film opened with $14.4 million.[176] Overall, 3D ticket sales accounted 95% of China box office,90% of India, 89% of Germany, 78% of Brazil, 77% of Colombia, and 74% of Russia.[176][230] The film opened in its last market, Japan, on August 5, 2015, where it grossed $13 million on its opening weekend and topped the Japanese box office.[231][232]
It became the highest-grossing film in the Jurassic Park film series in 25 countries.[176] IMAX tickets sales has grossed a total of $42.1 million as of June 21, 2015.[178] In total earnings, its largest markets outside of the U.S. are China with $228 million followed by the UK, Ireland and Malta ($97.8 million), South Korea ($41.79 million), Mexico ($41.73 million) and Germany ($41.6 million).[233][234]
Critical response[edit]
Jurassic World received praise from critics for its visuals, score and acting, but drew some criticism for its tone and writing. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has a rating of 71%, based on 257 reviews, with an average rating of 6.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Jurassic World can't match the original for sheer inventiveness and impact, but it works in its own right as an entertaining — and visually dazzling — popcorn thriller."[235] OnMetacritic, the film has a score of 59 out of 100, based on 49 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[236] InCinemaScore polls, audiences gave the film an "A" grade from an A+ to F scale.[237]
Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film four stars out of five and felt that it was "terrifically enjoyable and exciting summer spectacular" "savvy, funny, ridiculous in just the right way."[238] Also giving the film four stars wasRobbie Collin of The Telegraph, who deemed the film a worthy sequel to Spielberg's original Jurassic Park, and called it "methodically paced and shot with an awestruck visual sense that's pure Spielberg."[239] Peter Travers ofRolling Stone gave it 3 out of 4 stars and said "It's not the cynical, cash-in cheesefest you feared. OK, Jurassic World is a little of that. But this state-of-the-art dino epic is also more than a blast of rumbling, roaring, 'did you effing see that!' fun". He praised Trevorrow's direction, Pratt's and Howard's performances and the effects.[240]Writing for The Hollywood Reporter, Todd McCarthy placed the film second, only behind the original film in theJurassic Park series. He felt that the film was not terribly scary, and was more of a PG than R, praised the CGI and score, criticized the romance between Owen and Claire and wrote that the film nevertheless would be appealing to audiences everywhere.[241]
Conversely, The Associated Press rated the film two stars out of four and called the film "an ugly, over-saturated movie". Its review stated that Jurassic World lacked the "deft sense of wonderment, wit and suspense that guided the original" in addition to criticizing its CGI. However, it praised the film's score and Pratt's and Howard's performances.[242]
Merchandise and theme park ride[edit]
A video game based on the film, Lego Jurassic World, and an Apple application produced by Ludia, Jurassic World: The Game, were released in 2015.[243]
On June 14, 2015, the Italian amusement park Mirabilandia, in collaboration with Universal Pictures, opened a new area based on Jurassic World, called Dinoland. It featured 54 reproductions of dinosaurs and six attractions.[244]
Controversies[edit]
Scientific accuracy[edit]
A Twitter post attributed to Trevorrow stated there would be no feathered dinosaurs in the film.[245] While the first Jurassic Park film was lauded bypaleontologists for depicting dinosaurs accurately and in line with the science of the time, based on current knowledge, changing the public view of dinosaurs as slow and giant lizard-like reptiles, Jurassic World is being criticized for purposely ignoring new discoveries and knowledge. Several dinosaur experts are calling the film a "dumb monster movie" for failing to include new discoveries about the creatures, such as some dinosaurs being covered with feathers or proto-feathers, and the way velociraptors held their front limbs.[246][247][248] Since the film's teaser trailer release, many paleontologists expressed their disappointment on Twitter, Facebook and their own blogs, calling the dinosaurs that were featured a retrograde step from the original Jurassic Park.[249]
In response to these criticisms, Trevorrow said that "the film is scientifically 'inaccurate' because it is a science-fiction movie and not a documentary."[247] A faux review on the film's website speculates that the use ofamphibian DNA to fill the gaps in the dinosaur DNA (a plot point in the original novel and film) prevented the dinosaurs from growing feathers.[250] In the film, character Dr. Henry Wu (portrayed by B. D. Wong) tells Simon Masrani (portrayed by Irrfan Khan) that had the scientists not included DNA from various other animals, the dinosaurs "would look very different". Wu then reminds Masrani that he asked for "cooler" dinosaurs, rather than ones that would be scientifically accurate.
Writing credits dispute[edit]
At the end of March 2015, a Writers Guild of America (WGA) arbitration panel ruled that Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver would receive credit for writing the screenplay with Trevorrow and Connolly. However, Trevorrow and Connolly strongly disagreed with the decision to give Jaffa and Silver co-credit,[251][252] although they decided that under WGA rules, they did not have grounds to appeal the decision. They accepted the ruling on March 31, 2015.[252] On April 2, 2015, it was reported that Universal Pictures originally wanted Trevorrow and Connolly to be credited for the screenplay. In the film's Super Bowl trailer, Trevorrow and Connolly were credited for writing the film. It was then reported that they appealed the WGA's decision, that they wrote an entirely new screenplay that was not based on Jaffa and Silver's draft, and that they wanted full writing credit for the script.[251]
On April 7, 2015, it was reported that the arbiters had unanimously denied Trevorrow and Connolly's appeal in a second hearing held on April 3, and that they gave Jaffa and Silver an additional credit for writing the original story, with the decision being appealed by Trevorrow and Connolly.[253] Later that day, Trevorrow clarified the situation and denied that he and Connolly appealed the WGA's original decision of giving Jaffa and Silver co-credit for the screenplay, despite disagreeing with it. He also stated that he and Connolly were not informed of the second hearing until it was already over. Although they strongly disagreed with the latest decision, they decided not to appeal it.[252] The credits of the screenplay ultimately went to both writing teams, with Jaffa and Silver also being credited for writing the original story.[252]
Sequels[edit]
On the possibility of potential sequels, director Colin Trevorrow said, "We wanted to create something that would be a little bit less arbitrary and episodic, and something that could potentially arc into a series that would feel like a complete story."[153] In May 2015, Trevorrow confirmed that he would not be returning to direct a sequel.[254] In June, Pratt and Simpkins confirmed that they had signed on for an unspecified amount of sequels.[255][256] In July 2015, Universal Pictures announced that a sequel will be released on June 22, 2018, with Connolly and Trevorrow returning to write the script, and Pratt and Howard reprising their roles.[257]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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Trevorrow was asked to cook up his own story. But there were a couple of concepts that he wanted to keep. One was Sayles' audacious notion of raptors working alongside humans. "Dinosaurs hunting down drug lords? I couldn't go there," he says. "But I could rewind all the way back and make a movie about the very tenuous relationship between man and a vicious animal. [...] The other very cool idea, which came from Spielberg himself: what if John Hammond's dream of a fully functioning dinosaur theme park came true?"
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In 2007 [sic], news broke of a Jurassic Park 4 script by American indie king John Sayles, in which trained raptors take on a drug baron's army. The project stalled, but this nucleus of an idea stuck around, making its way into the next commissioned draft, by Rise Of The Planet Of The Apes' Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. And this is where Colin Trevorrow, the man chosen to head up Jurassic World, comes in. [...] One can only imagine how excited he was to be presented with the latest script by the threequel's producers. He sat down to read it. Flipped through every page. Then said thanks, but no thanks. "It was as difficult to decline as you'd think," he recalls. "But I knew I couldn't make that film. So I said, 'I'm honoured, but if we're going to do this we really need to build a different movie that can also be called Jurassic Park 4."
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- Jump up^ Connelly, Brendon. "Rumour: John Krasinski Taking A Dinosaur Tamer Job On Jurassic Park 4?". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "50 Things I Learned on the Set of Jurassic World: Page 5". Slash Film. April 28, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
- Jump up^ de Semlyen, Phil (June 15, 2015). "Trevorrow's Son Nixed The Stegoceratops". Empire. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- Jump up^ de Semlyen, Nick (April 30, 2015). "Jurassic World set visit". Empire (U.K.). p. 82.
Trevorrow had a brainwave of his own. "I emailed Steven–one of the most carefully worded emails I've ever written–and explained every single reason why we should change the title from Jurassic Park 4 to Jurassic World. It's like changing the recipe of someone's favourite cereal, but I wanted people to know that this is going to be a bold movie. It's going to be different.
- Jump up^ Sneider, Jeff (September 26, 2013). "Bryce Dallas Howard in Early Talks to Star in Universal's 'Jurassic World' (Exclusive)". TheWrap.com. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
- Jump up^ Freydkin, Donna (November 1, 2013). "Ron Howard pictures working with his daughter Bryce". USA Today.
- Jump up^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (October 14, 2013). "Ty Simpkins Lands Lead In 'Jurassic World'". Deadline.com. Retrieved2013-12-17.
- Jump up^ Kit, Borys (October 15, 2013). "'Jurassic World' Nabs 'Kings of Summer' Actor". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved2013-12-17.
- Jump up^ Kroll, Justin (October 18, 2013). "Josh Brolin In Talks to Star in 'Jurassic World'". Variety. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
- Jump up^ Sneider, Jeff (November 13, 2013). "'Guardians of the Galaxy' Star Chris Pratt Circling Lead in 'Jurassic World' (Exclusive)". TheWrap.com. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
- Jump up^ Kit, Borys (November 13, 2013). "Chris Pratt in Early Talks to Star in 'Jurassic World'". The Hollywood Reporter.
- Jump up^ "Bryce and Chris meet....". Ron Howard verified Twitter.com page. January 13, 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-14.
- Jump up^ Scott, Mike (February 6, 2014). "'Jurassic World' to be shot on 35mm and 65mm film, not digital, director reveals".The Times Picayune. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
- Jump up^ "ONFILM Interview: John Schwartzman, ASC". Kodak ON FILM. May 5, 2014. Retrieved December 3, 2014.
- Jump up^ "EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW WITH THE DIRECTOR OF JURASSIC WORLD". IGN. March 18, 2014. Retrieved December 3,2014.
- Jump up^ Gordon, Mike (February 7, 2014). "Outtakes Online: 'Jurassic World' to film in Hawaii". Honolulu Star-Advertiser.Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
- Jump up^ Rob Cain (June 12, 2015). ""Jurassic World" Dinos Roar on Sino Tour". forbes.com. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Fleming, Jr., Mike (February 28, 2014). "Vincent D'Onofrio To Play Villain In 'Jurassic World'". Deadline.com.Archived from the original on November 26, 2014. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
- Jump up^ "Cricket ka decline hona bhi chahiye, it is a waste of time: Irrfan Khan". ABP Live. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
- Jump up^ Sy, Omar (March 21, 2014). "Fan of this saga from the beginning...". Twitter.com. Retrieved 2014-03-24.
- Jump up^ Haynes-Peterson, Robert. "Jake Johnson Interview". AskMen.com. Archived from the original on October 19, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- Jump up^ Heyman, Jessie (March 26, 2014). "Jake Johnson On Last Night's 'New Girl' Game Changer & Prince's Omelettes".Huffington Post. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
- Jump up^ Kit, Borys (April 3, 2014). "Judy Greer Joins 'Jurassic World'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2014-04-03.
- Jump up^ McNary, Dave (May 7, 2014). "'The Office' Actor Andy Buckley Joins 'Jurassic World' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved 2014-05-07.
- Jump up^ Siegel, Tatiana (June 27, 2014). "James DuMont Joins Cast of Universal's 'Jurassic World' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- Jump up^ Marshall, Frank (April 10, 2014). "JURASSIC WORLD lives! First shot: 8:20 am. All is good.". Twitter.com. Retrieved2014-11-01.
- Jump up^ Bull, Sarah (April 11, 2014). "Bollywood actor Irrfan Khan pictured on set of Jurassic World as filming kicks off in Hawaii on action movie sequel". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved 2014-11-01.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Jurassic World production information". Hawaii Film & Video Magazine [pages 11, 29 and 32]. September 25, 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
- Jump up^ Stieber, Zachary (April 28, 2014). "Jurassic World (Jurassic Park 4): New Hawaii Set Photos, Details About Possible Sequels". The Epoch Times. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Feature Films Flock to Nola's Audubon Nature Institute". Louisiana Film & Video Magazine [page 59]. October 9, 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "'Jurassic World' begins filming at the abandoned Six Flags in New Orleans this week". On Location Vacations. June 2, 2014. Retrieved 2014-06-03.
- Jump up^ "'Jurassic World filming moves to Louis Armstrong International Airport!". JurassicWorld.org. June 30, 2014. Retrieved 2014-06-30.
- Jump up^ Bush, Donna (September 2014). "Hollywood South". Slidell Magazine [page 30]. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
- Jump up^ "NASA Filming". Twitter.com. July 16, 2014. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
- Jump up^ "Wrapped". Twitter.com. August 5, 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-05.
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Colin Trevorrow Confirms Animatronic Dinosaurs & Sequels for Jurassic World!". Scified. April 23, 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
- Jump up^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfcqQf61S-k
- ^ Jump up to:a b "50 Things I Learned on the Set of Jurassic World: Page 4". Slash Film. April 28, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Phil Tippett reunites with ILM for visual effects on Jurassic World!". Scified. 2013-12-13. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
- Jump up^ Cinefex issue 142 page 90 and 95 (2015)
- Jump up^ "The Disgusting Jurassic World Scene That Got Cut". CinemaBlend. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- Jump up^ Yamato, Jen (May 12, 2014). "Michael Giacchino To Score Jurassic World". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
- Jump up^ Radish, Christina (June 9, 2015). "Composer Michael Giacchino on JURASSIC WORLD, John Williams, STAR TREK 3, and More". Collider.com. Complex Media. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ "'Jurassic World' Soundtrack Details". Film Music Reporter. May 16, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ Aaron Couch (September 10, 2013). "Universal Sets 'Jurassic Park 4' Release Date, Title". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World Facebook page". Facebook. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World : l'avant-première comme si vous y étiez !". Allocine. May 29, 2015. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
- Jump up^ Brent Hallenback (May 7, 2015). "Vermont gets early look at 'Jurassic World'". The Burlington Free Press. (Gannett Company). Retrieved May 8, 2015.
- Jump up^ Etan Vlessing (June 8, 2015). "'Jurassic World' to Get Biggest-Ever Worldwide Release by Imax". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 8, 2015.
- Jump up^ "UNIVERSAL PICTURES AND AMBLIN ENTERTAINMENT'S JURASSIC WORLD TO RECEIVE WORLDWIDE RECORD DAY-AND-DATE RELEASE IN IMAX® THEATRES". IMAX Corporation. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World DVD Release Date". DVDs Release Dates. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- Jump up^ http://www.bestbuy.ca/en-CA/product/jurassic-world-blu-ray-combo-2015/m2217778.aspx?path=24de0f917c6a9e5392503338c0cb6e10en02
- Jump up^ "DOMESTIC GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- Jump up^ "2015 DOMESTIC GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic Park". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Dinosaur". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ "WORLDWIDE GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- Jump up^ "2015 WORLDWIDE GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Nancy Tartaglione (June 15, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Historic Global Bow Hits $524.4M; $315.6M Intl; Bests Franchise Lifetime In 25 Territories – Update". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- Jump up^ Jurassic World First Weekend Opening, News Exprezz, June 15, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Tartaglione, Nancy; Busch, Anita (June 22, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Crossing $1B Global; 'Inside Out', 'Minions' Debut Strong – Intl Box Office Final". Deadline.com. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
- Jump up^ "OPENING WEEKENDS". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Child, Ben (June 23, 2015). "Audiences in raptor: Jurassic World hits billion-dollar milestone in record time". The Guardian (Guardian Media Group). Retrieved June 23, 2015.
- Jump up^ "'Jurassic' Rex Records". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 23, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Box office by studio". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP OPENING WEEKENDS BY MONTH (June)". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP OPENING WEEKENDS BY MPAA RATING". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Keith Simanton (June 12, 2015). "'Jurassic' Knocks It Outta the Park". The Hollywood Reporter. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro (June 13, 2015). "'Jurassic World's Est. $190M+ To $200M June Bow To Propel Uni Past $1B Mark At Domestic B.O.". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Brent Lang (June 16, 2015). "'Jurassic World': Counting Down the Records It Demolished". Variety. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h Anthony D'Alessandro and Anita Busch (June 15, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Domestic Record $208.8M Bow Lifts Industry – Box Office Final". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Rebecca Ford (June 12, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Bites Off $18.5 Million Thursday Night". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro (May 4, 2015). "'Ultron's $191.3M Bow Spikes Weekend's Total B.O. To 51% Over 2014 – Final Monday Update". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP WEEKEND THEATER AVERAGES". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP NON-HOLIDAY MONDAYS". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP NON-OPENING TUESDAYS". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ "FASTEST TO $500 million". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 23, 2015.
- Jump up^ http://deadline.com/2015/07/universal-jurassic-world-minions-5-billion-record-1201479265/
- Jump up^ "Universal". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Brent Lang (June 10, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' to Feast on $125 Million Debut". Variety. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 9, 2015). "Box Office Preview: 'Jurassic World' Set to Bite Off $125M-Plus in U.S. Debut".The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock, Rebecca Ford (June 12, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Unstoppable Friday for Record $181M-$200M Debut". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro and Anita Busch (June 12, 2015). "'Jurassic World's Est. $190M+ To $200M June Bow To Propel Uni Past $1B Mark At Domestic B.O.". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Scott Mendelson (June 13, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Nabs Monstrous $82.8M Friday For Possible $200M Weekend". Forbes. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP SINGLE DAY GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ Scott Mendelson (June 17, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Tops $250M In 5 Days, Could Top $300M In A Week, $400M By Sunday". Forbes. (Forbes, Inc.). Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP SINGLE DAY GROSSES BY DAY OF THE WEEK (SATURDAY)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ "TOP SINGLE DAY GROSSES BY DAY OF THE WEEK (SUNDAY)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- Jump up^ Keith Simanton (June 15, 2015). "Jurassic's World". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro (June 22, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Beats 'Avengers' As The Fastest Pic To Cross $400M – Update With Top 20". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 23, 2015.
- Jump up^ Scott Mendelson (June 21, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Chomps 2nd-Best 2nd Weekend, Tops 'Avengers' 10-Day Total". Forbes. (Forbes, Inc.). Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- Jump up^ Brent Lang (June 21, 2015). "'Inside Out' Debut Exposes Absurdity of Box Office Horse Race". Variety. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 22, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro (June 28, 2015). "Dinos Snatch Pixar Girl's Purse With $54M+; 'Ted 2′ Still Groggy – Sunday AM Final Update". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- Jump up^ Anthony D'Alessandro (June 21, 2015). "A T-Rex-fic Weekend: 'Jurassic World', 'Inside Out' Drive Second Biggest 2015 Frame To Date With $240M". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- Jump up^ Scott Mendelson (July 18, 2015). "Friday Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Tops $600M, 'Terminator' Tumbles". Forbes. (Forbes, Inc.). Retrieved July 19, 2015.
- Jump up^ Nancy Tartaglione (August 16, 2015). "‘Rogue Nation’ Revs Up $46M More; ‘Man From U.N.C.L.E.’ Spies $12M; ‘Brothers’ Shows Muscle – Intl B.O. Update". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved August 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 11, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Roars Overseas With $24.5M on First Day". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 12, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Crushes Friday for Record $155M-Plus U.S. Debut".The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 13, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Storms Overseas With $130M for Early $213M Global Total". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Nancy Tartaglione (June 13, 2015). "It's A 'Jurassic World' With $130M After Three Days At International Box Office". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ "OVERSEAS TOTAL ALL TIME OPENINGS". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Keith Simanton (June 15, 2015). "Jurassic's World". Box Office Mojo. (Amazon.com). Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- Jump up^ ""Jurassic World" In 3D Delivers Approximately 65% Of Universal Pictures Record-Breaking International Opening Weekend". RealD. Retrieved June 22, 2015.
- Jump up^ Tartaglione, Nancy (June 29, 2015). "'Terminator: Genisys' Lords Over 'Salvation'; Dinos Mighty With $84.3M More; 'Minions' Well Outpacing 'DM2′ – Intl Box Office Final". Deadline.com. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved July 1,2015.
- Jump up^ Nancy Tartaglione (July 5, 2015). "‘Terminator’ Back With $74M; ‘Minions’ Mints $54.3M – Intl Box Office Update".Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved July 6, 2015.
- Jump up^ Tartaglione, Nancy (June 11, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Stomps Up $21M Debut In 8 Markets – International Box Office". Deadline.com. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- Jump up^ Tartaglione, Nancy (June 12, 2015). "It's A 'Jurassic World' With $65.6M After Two Days At International Box Office".Deadline.com. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Clifford Coonan (June 11, 2015). "China Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Scores Monster Opening Day". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 11, 2015.
- Jump up^ Rob Cain (June 12, 2015). ""Jurassic World" Dinos Roar on Sino Tour". Forbes. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ "CHINA ALL TIME OPENINGS". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 14, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Stomps to Record $204.6M U.S. Debut, $511.8M Globally". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 14, 2015.
- Jump up^ Lee-Hyo won (June 25, 2015). "In South Korea, MERS' Surprising Impact on 'Jurassic World'". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 25, 2015.
- Jump up^ Bryant Frazer (June 15, 2015). "Worldwide 3D Box Office Roars to Life with Jurassic World". StudioDaily. RetrievedJune 17, 2015.
- Jump up^ Nancy Tartaglione (August 9, 2015). "‘Rogue Nation’ Flies Higher In 2nd Frame With $65.5M; ‘Fantastic Four’ No. 2 With $34.1M Bow – Intl Box Office Update". Deadline.com. (Penske Media Corporation). Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ Gavin J. Blair (August 7, 2015). "Homegrown War Film to Take on 'Jurassic World,' 'Rogue Nation' in Japan". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved August 9, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World — International gross". The Numbers. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
- Jump up^ Alex Ritman (August 5, 2015). "U.K. Box Office: Tom Cruise Takes Pixar's Crown". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved August 5, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- Jump up^ Pamela McClintock (June 12, 2015). "Box Office: 'Jurassic World' Crushes Friday for Record $177M-Plus U.S. Debut".The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Peter Bradshaw (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World review – Chris Pratt runs riot in upgraded dino-disaster movie".The Guardian. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ Robbie Collin (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World review: 'the dinosaurs still amaze'". The Telegraph. Retrieved June 10,2015.
- Jump up^ Peter Travis (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
- Jump up^ Todd McCarthy (June 10, 2015). "'Jurassic World': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 11, 2015.
- Jump up^ "Review: 'Jurassic World' Bites Into the Modern Blockbuster". The New York Times. (The New York Times Company). The Associated Press. June 10, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ Crecente, Brian (14 May 2015). "Lego Jurassic World hits June 12, celebrate with a new trailer". Polygon. Retrieved14 May 2015.
- Jump up^ La Stampa, Dinoland, Mirabilandia
- Jump up^ Byford, Sam (March 27, 2013). "'Jurassic Park 4' flies in the face of science by cutting feathered dinosaurs". The Verge / Vox Media. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
...if the post is legitimate, [p]resumably he is concerned about preserving the legacy and continuity of Jurassic Park
- Jump up^ Qiu, Linda; Vergano, Dan (November 26, 2014). "'Jurassic World' Dinosaurs Stuck in the 1980s, Experts Grumble".National Geographic.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Khaleda Rahman (May 10, 2015). "New Jurassic World film slammed as 'dumb monster movie' because dinosaurs were covered in fluffy feathers in real life". Daily Mail. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
- Jump up^ Jess Denham (May 11, 2015). "Jurassic World: Scientists criticise 'dumb monster movie' for lack of feathers on dinosaurs". The Independent. (Alexander Lebedev). Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- Jump up^ John Conway (December 4, 2014). "Scientists disappointed Jurassic World dinosaurs don't look like dinosaurs". The Guardian. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
- Jump up^ "Jurassic World". Jurassic World.
- ^ Jump up to:a b David Robb (April 2, 2015). "Writers Guild Takes On Universal Over 'Jurassic World' Credits". Deadline.com. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d David Robb (April 7, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Script Credits Resolved; Helmer Colin Trevorrow Speaks On Arbitration Process". Deadline.com. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
- Jump up^ Robb, David (April 6, 2015). "Another Appeal In 'Jurassic World' Writing Credits Saga". Deadline.com. RetrievedApril 7, 2015.
- Jump up^ One trip to Jurassic World is enough for Colin Trevorrow, Alex McCown, A. V. Club, June 1, 2015.
- Jump up^ Davis, Brandon (June 10, 2015). "Ty Simpkins Talks Jurassic World, Marvel Movies, & Deadpool". ComicBook.com. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
- Jump up^ Chris Pratt is signed on for more Jurassic World movies, Tim Stack, Entertainment Weekly, June 13, 2015.
- Jump up^ Rebecca Ford (July 23, 2015). "'Jurassic World 2' Set for 2018". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved July 24, 2015.
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